composer

Ubuntu環境下，如何手動安裝Composer

測試環境

撰寫本文時，測試的環境是

「Xubuntu 14.04 64位元」

前置作業

確保已經有安裝「php5-cli」這個套件。

1
$ sudo apt-get install php5-cli

一般安裝

一般可以參照「這一頁」來安裝。

執行

1
$ curl -sS https://getcomposer.org/installer | php

或是執行

1
$ php -r "readfile('https://getcomposer.org/installer');" | php

或是執行 (安裝到「~/bin」範例)

1
2
3
4
# install to ~/bin
cd ~
mkdir bin -p
curl -sS https://getcomposer.org/installer | php -- --install-dir=bin --filename=composer

手動安裝

這篇主要是要介紹手動安裝的方式。

下載最新的「composer.phar」。

1
$ wget -c https://getcomposer.org/composer.phar

設為可執行

1
$ chmod u+x composer.phar

放到「~/bin」這個這個資料夾底下，並且重新命名為「composer」。

1
$ mv composer.phar ~/bin/composer

測試看看

1
$ composer

就會看到

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
______
  / ____/___  ____ ___  ____  ____  ________  _____
 / /   / __ \/ __ `__ \/ __ \/ __ \/ ___/ _ \/ ___/
/ /___/ /_/ / / / / / / /_/ / /_/ (__  )  __/ /
\____/\____/_/ /_/ /_/ .___/\____/____/\___/_/
                 /_/
Composer version 1.0-dev (8d6ab70ae590e84cc94871a3ee08be2b09979520) 2015-02-01 14:00:06
Usage:
 [options] command [arguments]
Options:
 --help (-h)           Display this help message.
 --quiet (-q)          Do not output any message.
 --verbose (-v|vv|vvv) Increase the verbosity of messages: 1 for normal output, 2 for more verbose output and 3 for debug.
 --version (-V)        Display this application version.
 --ansi                Force ANSI output.
 --no-ansi             Disable ANSI output.
 --no-interaction (-n) Do not ask any interactive question.
 --profile             Display timing and memory usage information
 --working-dir (-d)    If specified, use the given directory as working directory.
Available commands:
 about            Short information about Composer
 archive          Create an archive of this composer package
 browse           Opens the package's repository URL or homepage in your browser.
 clear-cache      Clears composer's internal package cache.
 clearcache       Clears composer's internal package cache.
 config           Set config options
 create-project   Create new project from a package into given directory.
 depends          Shows which packages depend on the given package
 diagnose         Diagnoses the system to identify common errors.
 dump-autoload    Dumps the autoloader
 dumpautoload     Dumps the autoloader
 global           Allows running commands in the global composer dir ($COMPOSER_HOME).
 help             Displays help for a command
 home             Opens the package's repository URL or homepage in your browser.
 info             Show information about packages
 init             Creates a basic composer.json file in current directory.
 install          Installs the project dependencies from the composer.lock file if present, or falls back on the composer.json.
 licenses         Show information about licenses of dependencies
 list             Lists commands
 remove           Removes a package from the require or require-dev
 require          Adds required packages to your composer.json and installs them
 run-script       Run the scripts defined in composer.json.
 search           Search for packages
 self-update      Updates composer.phar to the latest version.
 selfupdate       Updates composer.phar to the latest version.
 show             Show information about packages
 status           Show a list of locally modified packages
 update           Updates your dependencies to the latest version according to composer.json, and updates the composer.lock file.
 validate         Validates a composer.json

觀看版本

可以執行

1
$ composer --version

或是執行

1
$ composer -V

可以看到

1
Composer version 1.0-dev (8d6ab70ae590e84cc94871a3ee08be2b09979520) 2015-02-01 14:00:06

更新版本

未來要更新版本，

只要執行

1
$ composer self-update

或是執行

1
$ composer selfupdate

若已經是最新的版本，就會看到類似下面的訊息

1
You are already using composer version 8d6ab70ae590e84cc94871a3ee08be2b09979520.

說明為什麼可以安裝在「~/bin」

觀看「~/.profile」。

1
$ cat ~/.profile

一般的狀況下，Ubuntu的「~/.profile」如下。

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
# ~/.profile: executed by the command interpreter for login shells.
# This file is not read by bash(1), if ~/.bash_profile or ~/.bash_login
# exists.
# see /usr/share/doc/bash/examples/startup-files for examples.
# the files are located in the bash-doc package.
# the default umask is set in /etc/profile; for setting the umask
# for ssh logins, install and configure the libpam-umask package.
#umask 022
# if running bash
if [ -n "$BASH_VERSION" ]; then
    # include .bashrc if it exists
    if [ -f "$HOME/.bashrc" ]; then
    . "$HOME/.bashrc"
    fi
fi
# set PATH so it includes user's private bin if it exists
if [ -d "$HOME/bin" ] ; then
    PATH="$HOME/bin:$PATH"
fi

也就是說，預設會將「~/bin」設定到「PATH」。

basic-skill
← Prev Next →